Cosmetic acne: causes, prevention and treatment

Table of Content:
Causes of cosmetic acne | What does it look like? | How to prevent it and get rid of it? | Treatment | How to clean makeup brushes | Ingredients that cause acne cosmetica

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What is cosmetic acne?

Cosmetic acne (which is different from pomade acne) is a type of acne characterized by persistent mild breakouts that occur due to the fact that sebum and comedogenic substances in cosmetics clog pores and irritate the skin leading to the development of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) and papules (red bumps)¹. 

Using makeup with oily substrates, essential oils, or washing the skin too often or with inadequate cleansers (soaps with a pH 8.0) can also lead to the development of this type of acne². Consult an online dermatologist if you need professional help to help clear your skin.

A study revealed that certain moisturizers and powder/talc products may lead to an increase in acne breakouts and that switching products for as little as three weeks improve the skin’s appearance. The study suggests that the use of cosmetics may have implications on skin health³.

Causes of cosmetic acne

Research shows that the frequent use of comedogenic cosmetics is linked to more acne breakouts^{4 5} because these products typically contain ingredients such as artificial colors, oils, fragrances, and preservatives that can exacerbate acne-prone skin. These ingredients can lead to the accumulation of sebum and dead skin cells within the pores, resulting in the formation of comedones and acne lesions. Additionally, the use of occlusive products that trap sweat and oil on the skin can also contribute to the development of acne cosmetica.

Besides, the use of makeup brushes or applicators that are not properly cleaned can also contribute to the development of acne cosmetica⁶.

What does cosmetic acne look like?

Acne cosmetica usually appears as small pimple-like bumps on the face as a result of applying pore-clogging cosmetics. It differentiates itself from other types of acne because it’s a non-inflammatory condition with no redness and swelling associated with acne cosmetica⁷.  

The breakouts are typically localized around face areas where you use a specific product, for example, in the cheeks where you apply blush, bronzer, or around the mouth where you apply lipstick or lip balm.

How to get rid of cosmetic acne (or acne caused by makeup)?

According to Marta Teixeira, dermatology nurse, acne cosmetica can be frustrating, but it can be prevented by taking a few precautions. Here are some tips to get rid of acne cosmetica.

• Identify the products that are causing the breakouts. Look for the ingredients that can clog pores and check for how long have you been using them, (see list below)
• Switch to non-comedogenic products labeled “non-comedogenic,” “oil-free,” or “won’t clog pores”
• As a general rule wash your make-up brushes and sponges once per week with shampoo⁸
• Wash your face every morning and night with a gentle cleanser to remove any makeup and impurities that can clog your pores
• Use a non-greasy moisturizer to keep the skin hydrated
• Avoid touching your face during the day
• Try over-the-counter topical acne treatment such as salicylic and lactic acid or benzoyl peroxide

How to clean makeup brushes and sponges?

According to the American Academy of Dermatology, you should never share your makeup brushes and sponges with anyone else and you should wash them every 7 to 10 days to protect your skin and kill any harmful bacteria⁹.

Tips to clean your makeup brushes

• Rinse the tips of your brushes with warm running water to remove residual makeup. Do not submerge the whole brush head, rinse the tip only, as you can dissolve the glue that holds the brush together with time
• Fill a bowl with warm water and a tablespoon of gentle shampoo
• Swirl each brush tip in the bowl and massage each brush tip in the palm of your hand
• Rinse the brush tips under running water
• Repeat the process until the water runs clear from the brush
• Squeeze out excess moisture with a clean paper towel
• Let your brushes dry flat on a clean towel with the tips hanging off the edge of the counter¹⁰

Conclusion

Acne cosmetica is caused by the use of certain cosmetic products that clog pores and lead to the formation of acne. To avoid this type of acne, it is important to choose products that are non-comedogenic and oil-free. It is also essential to maintain a good skincare routine that includes regular cleansing and moisturizing to ensure a healthy skin.

If you do develop acne cosmetica, try to identify the cosmetic product causing the issue and discontinue its use. Seek the advice of a dermatologist if the acne persists or worsens.

Article References:

1 https: //jofskin. Org/index. Php/skin/article/view/1289/pdf
2 https: //www. Ncbi. Nlm. Nih. Gov/pmc/articles/pmc7527424/
3 https: //pubmed. Ncbi. Nlm. Nih. Gov/28941014/
4 https: //pubmed. Ncbi. Nlm. Nih. Gov/33206430/
5 https: //pubmed. Ncbi. Nlm. Nih. Gov/23859829/
6 https: //www. Aad. Org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/routine/clean-your-makeup-brushes#
7 https: //iamj. In/images/upload/1195_1198. Pdf
8 https: //www. Aad. Org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/routine/clean-your-makeup-brushes
9 https: //www. Aad. Org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/routine/clean-your-makeup-brushes
10 https: //www. Aad. Org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/routine/clean-your-makeup-brushes
11 https: //www. Scinapse. Io/papers/2185436907
12 https: //www. Ncbi. Nlm. Nih. Gov/pmc/articles/pmc4025519/